Как проверить доступность сайта в zabbix

Мониторинг веб-сайта при помощи Zabbix

Не углубляясь в детали, можно сразу отметить, что мониторинг веб сайтов сводится к созданию сценариев проверки на уровне шаблонов. А уже шаблоны можно применить к одному или нескольким узлам (агентам забикса), которые и будут проверять доступность сайта по созданным нами сценариям.

Забиксом можно проверять время отклика, код ответа, скорость загрузки, наличие определённых слов на странице и т.д.. Все собранный данные можно использовать для графиков, тригеров и оповещения.

Для настройки необходимо в главном меню выбрать: “Configuration > Templates” и в правом верхнем углу кнопкой “Create template” создаём новый шаблон.

Вводим название шаблона и добавляем его в какую-нибудь группу или создаём новый.

На только что созданном шаблоне, нажимаем ссылку “Web”

Переходим на ссылку в правом верхнем углу “Create web scenario” и добавляем новый сценарий для мониторинга сайта.

Указываем имя сценария, можно указвать имя сайта или другую удобную информацию. Заполняем имя приложения, придумайте любое, наделённое смыслом, интервал проверки и число попыток соединения.

Так как буду проверять главную страницу сайта, я указал имя “Index”. В “URL” указал адрес проверяемой страницы. “Follow redirects” даёт возможность следовать редиректам. К примеру если у вас настроет редирект с http на https. “Required string” – слово или выражение на странице, которую zabbix будет искать. Если zabbix найдет её, будет считать, что с сайтом все в порядке. В другом случае – выдаст ошибку.

Теперь необходимо прикрепить этот шаблон к агенту заббикса. Для проверки я буду использовать сам забикс-сервер. Идем в “Configuration > Hosts“, выбираем Zabbix Server и прикрепляем к нему шаблон.

Через несколько минут в последних данных (Latest Data) можно увидеть результаты мониторинга.

Добавить нужный график можно в созданном шаблоне, нажав на ссылку “Graphs” и далее в верхнем углу “create graph”.

Для примера создам график отображающий скорость загрузки главной страницы

Результаты его можно увидеть в мониторинга хоста.

Free Zabbix Monitoring for VMWare ESXi Hosts: Get Started

Have you ever needed to monitor a single instance or a group of VMware ESXi hosts, but didn’t have a budget for enterprise-grade monitoring? Well, I have some good news for you! You can get the monitoring you need for free with Zabbix monitoring!

In this article, we will build a complete solution. Starting from the ground up, you will gain the knowledge and confidence required to successfully install, configure, and manage a Zabbix server.

Here’s what you’ll be doing:

• Installing Ubuntu Server 20.04 LTS which will become your Zabbix server.
• Installing Zabbix 5.0 LTS and performing initial configuration steps.
• Configuring Zabbix to monitor ESXi hosts using built-in templates.
• Configuring triggers based on items being monitored and explore alerting capabilities.

By the end of this article, you will have all the required knowledge to begin monitoring your VMware ESXi hosts. We will close out with all the additional resource links you will need for your Zabbix journey.

Are you interested? If so, keep reading.

Prerequisites

To be fully successful in following along with this guide, you are going to be willing to get real-life, hands-on experience. Don’t worry though. Everything you need and should know is outlined. Even if you may be lacking experience in some areas, this guide explains each step, what is needed, and why. So if you intend to follow along and build this solution yourself, here are the expectations ahead of time.

It is assumed that:

• You have basic command-line knowledge and some Linux OS experience.
• You are comfortable with basic networking concepts and terminology.
• You have some basic knowledge of VMware ESXi hypervisor technology.

Zabbix can be installed using different distributions of Linux, and even has a couple of choices for web servers and databases. But for this guide, we’ll focus on defaults. If you plan to follow along, you will need:

• A virtual machine with at least one NIC, 128 MB of RAM, and 256 MB of free disk space. It is suggested that you use 2 CPU cores, 2 GB RAM, and 20 GB disk. Performance is better with this configuration starting out.
• At least one or more ESXi hosts and optionally some VM guests (to simulate a monitoring scenario later). You can host your Zabbix VM on the same host you plan to monitor as well.
• A running Ubuntu server – You’ll use Ubuntu Server 20.04 in this article.
• OPTIONAL – SSH client like MobaXTerm or PuTTY. PowerShell 7 now supports SSH natively.

You may be wondering why an SSH client is optional. While this guide will be using the native PowerShell 7 capability of opening SSH connections, the choice is yours on what SSH client tool you want to use to connect to the Linux VM. If you are just planning on using a virtual machine management console, you may have to do extra typing as the SSH clients will allow you to paste the code examples in this guide.

Installing Zabbix Monitoring 5.0

Once you have met all of the prereqs, it’s time to begin installing your Zabbix server. The following steps will get you up and running in about six minutes. So let’s start!

Adding the Zabbix Repository

The step in the installation process is preparing to add the Zabbix repository to Ubuntu so you can download and install the package.

1. First, SSH to your Ubuntu Linux server.
2. Using the wget command, download the Zabbix repo. When you press Enter, your server will begin to download the source repository information from Zabbix. Now you can install Zabbix direct from per-compiled packages.

wget https://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/5.0/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb

3. Now unpack the download to add the configuration to your local repository list. Using the following command, unpack the download:

sudo dpkg -i zabbix-release_5.0-1+focal_all.deb

This process happens pretty quickly. As a best practice, re-run the sudo apt update -y command again, just as you did when finishing the Ubuntu Server setup and configuration. You should see the Zabbix repositories as shown in the following screenshot:

Now you are ready to begin installing Zabbix components.

About Zabbix Components

There are three major components to every Zabbix deployment:

• Zabbix Server (which contains MySQL or Postgre SQL)
• Zabbix Web Front End (apache2, httpd, nginx, php 7.4)
• Zabbix Agent

Zabbix does support splitting Zabbix Server and Zabbix Web Front End into standalone instances. Splitting up components is more advanced and isn’t a typical scenario. Therefore, this guide will not cover that type of setup.

Each of these components represents a core component for Zabbix.

• Zabbix server daemon – handles the back end operations. It’s the central process. Zabbix server performs polling and trapping of data, calculations of triggers, and sending notifications to users. It’s the central repository for configuration, statistical and operational data. You can read more about the Zabbix server process here.
• Zabbix web front end – a term used for the webserver components used. For this guide, you are going to be using Apache2 / HTTPd / PHP 7.4. All of these components combined serve the web interface and visualizations you will see later on in this guide.
• Zabbix Agent – a local agent that gathers data, and reports it to a central Zabbix server for additional processing. These agents use native system calls to gather data. The Zabbix agent is supported on nearly every OS platform available today. You can read more about the Zabbix Agent here.

Installing Zabbix Components

To begin installing the Zabbix components, enter the following command. The components will start downloading and installing from the Zabbix repository we configured in the previous step. The -y parameter just skips the confirmation dialogs.

> sudo apt install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-frontend-php zabbix-apache-conf zabbix-agent -y

Once complete, you are ready to move on to setting up the MySQL server, creating a blank database, and importing a predefined schema into said database.

Creating and Configuring the Zabbix Database

Zabbix requires a database to store statistical and configuration data. The most common choice is MySQL. Ubuntu Server 20.04 default repositories use MariaDB, which is the upstream version of MySQL, both are open-source relational database systems. You could instead choose to use PostgreSQL, but the process is a little different. For this guide, use the default choice, which is MariaDB.

Begin setting up the database server by creating a blank database. Connect to your local MySQL server by typing the following command and pressing Enter. You may be prompted for credentials. Recall the credentials you used during the OS installation and SSH connections should be the same that you use here if prompted.

> sudo mysql

You should now see mysql> at the terminal prompt. From here we can begin to issue MySQL-specific commands to set up the database. The database configuration process creates the database, then creates a user, and then assigns that user privileges on the database before exiting MySQL.

Using the following command, create a blank database called zabbix, which will be the database used by the Zabbix server to store all collected data.

create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;

Next, you need to create a user and assign that user a password. Be sure to replace ‘password’ with something more secure, keeping the single quotes, and document it. This password will be used later in the guide. This is the account that will be able to connect to and modify the database:

create user zabbix@localhost identified by 'password';

Now you need to grant that user privileges on the newly created database and all tables within the database. This user is what the Zabbix server uses to write data collected to the appropriate tables in the zabbix database.

grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;

If you received no errors, quit the connection by typing the following command and pressing Enter:

quit;

You should now be returned to the Bash prompt.

Importing the Zabbix Database Schema

At this point, you have an empty database. There are no tables or structure. The next step is the import the schema using a script and database template provided by Zabbix.

The code example below is going to use the command-line utility zcat to expand the compressed SQL file that contains the Zabbix database schema. This is all sent to standard output, which is then piped into MySQL using the -u username zabbix, require you be prompted for a -p password and then what database to connect to, zabbix . The -uzabbix -p zabbix credentials are not must be typed exactly as shown below or the script will not create the database schema.

Using the following command, execute the script provided with the Zabbix server installation to import the schema:

sudo zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql*/create.sql.gz | mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix

This will take a minute or two to execute. When you return to the Bash prompt, you can continue.

Configuring Zabbix Server

Using the built-in text editor Nano that comes with Ubuntu Server, you need to make a couple of edits to the /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf file.

You can use Vim too if that works better for you. This guide uses Nano in screenshots and instruction, but the actual edits do not change based on your choice of text editing utility.

There are two parameters you will need to search for, uncomment, and edit. Those are DBPassword and StartVMwareCollectors.

You can quickly search for these options using CTRL+W when using the nano text editor.

Begin by opening zabbix_server.conf with nano and making the required edits. Type the following command into your terminal prompt and press Enter:

> sudo nano /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

After opening the Zabbix server configuration file, use the shortcut key combination CTRL+W to search for the DBPassword parameter and press Enter. You should now see the DBPassword parameter options, as shown below. Remember, you are entering the password used for the zabbix@localhost database user, not the database server password.

Now edit StartVMwareCollectors. Using CTRL+W again, search for StartVMwareCollectors and press Enter. You should now see the StartVMCollectors=0 parameter below. Edit StartVMwareCollectors parameter and assign a value of 5.

Before you save the file, you may have noticed there is a couple of other VMware related parameters. You do not need to edit these at this time as the defaults are fine. However, if you would like to write different settings, I encourage you to take a look at the full list of parameters here.

Save your changes using CTRL+X, choose Y, and then press Enter. You will be returned to the Bash prompt.

The last configuration you will need to edit in /etc/zabbix/apache.conf . This file controls the settings for the Zabbix web front end.

Change the line in the section. This is the section for PHP7 configuration parameters. The older section is for PHP5 and here for backwards compatibility. PHP5 is no longer used in Zabbix starting with Zabbix 5.0 due to security vulnerabilities.

Uncomment the line # php_value date.timezone Europe/Riga and change to the timezone you wish to use. For example, you could enter America/New_York to set the timezone to Eastern Standard Time. See this site for a complete listing of valid PHP timezones. Your configuration should look similar to the screenshot below:

Save your changes. You return to the Bash prompt. You are now ready to start the Zabbix server.

Starting Zabbix Server

Restart the Zabbix services and enable them so they will auto start on reboot.

Using the commands below, you are restarting the Zabbix server, agent, and apache2 daemons so that your configuration file edits will take effect. Then you are enabling these daemons to auto start after reboot. If you do not do this, you will have to manually start services each time your host is taken down for maintenance or becomes unstable and is rebooted.

> sudo systemctl restart zabbix-server zabbix-agent apache2 > sudo systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent apache2

You can now log off your SSH session, and close your terminal.

You should now be able to open any modern web browser and navigate to the Zabbix web front end and finalize the initial configuration. That’s precisely what you are going to do in the next section.

Setting Up Zabbix Web Front End

You are almost done! From your web browser, navigate to http://[IP_Address]/zabbix/ and follow the on-screen instructions. Use the static IP address you configured your server to use during the OS installation.

The first page you come to is a welcome page. Click on Next step:

Next, Zabbix will run through a list of pre-requisites. You should see all OK statuses as you scroll down the list. At this point, you will see if the edits you made earlier are correct. If they are not, the setup wizard will not proceed until you make the corrections in your configuration files. If everything is correct and documented, click on Next step:

Now supply the database connection info to the web front end. Be sure to change the Database Port (if you did not use the default MySQL port 3306) and enter the database user password you configured when setting up the Zabbix database. If everything is correct and documented, click on Next step:

Lastly, give the Zabbix server a Name and leave the default values for Host and Port. Any name will work, this is just a way to label your Zabbix server in the Zabbix UI. As a best practice though, try to use the actual hostname of your server. When satisfied, click on Next step:

Lastly, verify the Pre-installation summary information. This is another good point to document your Zabbix server configuration. When satisfied, click on Next step:

The installation is now complete. Click on Finish.

You will now be returned to the Zabbix server login page. The default credentials to log in are case sensitive. Every time you install a new instance of Zabbix, the default credentials are Admin / zabbix :

Monitoring a VMware ESXi Host

You’ve completed the most difficult part by installing Zabbix. Now that you have a fully working Zabbix UI, it’s time to get down to what this guide is all about.

In this section, you are going to be walked through the process of configuring and adding a VMware ESXi host to Zabbix and configuring a trigger to alert you of the status on the host when a condition is met. Remember, Zabbix can monitor nearly any device you can connect to. The steps you will be doing to add a VMware ESXi host are nearly identical with some variances for other types of devices.

Adding a VMware ESXi Host

To begin monitoring a VMware ESXi host, you need first to create a host. A host in Zabbix is any device you wish to monitor, such as servers, workstations, virtual machines, switches, routers, firewalls, etc.

To do so, use the navigation menu on the left side of the Zabbix UI and click to expand the Configuration menu, and then click Hosts:

Now click the Create host button. This button is located in the upper right corner of the web UI:

Now enter some information regarding the VMware ESXi host you wish to monitor:

Here are some parameters definitions:

• The hostname is just a unique name for the device to be monitored. This field can be an IP address or FQDN. No leading or trailing spaces, but you can use alphanumeric, dots, dashes, and underscores.

When using the Zabbix Agent, do be sure to use the same hostname here as you do in the agent configuration file. If you do not use the same hostname, active checks will fail. This is a required parameter.

• Visible name is where you can give your device a friendlier name that will be sued on lists, maps etc. It’s an optional parameter.
• Groups are just that-Groups of hosts that belong together. Every host has to belong to at least one group. You can choose an existing group or create a new one.
• Interfaces can be a few types that are supported by Zabbix. Those are Agent, SNMP, JMX (java), and IPMI (out of band IP management interface like iLO/iDRAC) This is a required parameter but does not require modification for monitoring VMware ESXi hosts.
• Description is also an optional parameter, but it’s a good idea to use this opportunity to document what you are doing by adding one.
• Monitored by proxy is an optional parameter and can be left at the default. Zabbix proxies are out of the scope of this guide.
• Enabled should be checked. If it is not, be sure to select it so that the host will be active and monitored.

Enter the IP address of the VMware ESXi host you want to monitor int he Hostname field, give it a friendlier name in the Visible name filed, Create a new Group called “VM Hosts” and add a simple Description of “This host is part of the ATA Blog guide.”. Do not click Add yet!

Next, let’s add a apply a template to the host. A template is a set of entities you can attach to a host or group of hosts. To do so, click on the Templates menu item in the Hosts configuration screen:

The next screen will look like this:

You will notice that there are no linked templates, and that’s expected because you aren’t collecting items to monitor on your host yet. You could create your template by cloning and modifying an existing template. However, Zabbix comes with VMware templates right out of the box! You do not have to spend hours setting up your items to be monitored.

Link the template called Template VM VMware. This will add all the appropriate item expressions and definitions for ESXi hosts. If you start typing that name into the search field, you will see autocomplete suggestions. You can save some time typing by using the arrow key and pressing enter once you see the correct template. Do not click Add yet!

You see two other templates listed. Those are Template VM VMware Guest and Template VM VMware Hypervisor. These two templates are actually Low-Level Discovery (LLD) templates that are part of the one you are choosing. These will use low-level discovery rules to gather additional information about the host you are adding.

You may get an error message about unsupported items mentioning an invalid hypervisor UUID. You can try enabling an option on your VMware ESXi host for Module Object Browser. Follow this KB for details. With that said, if you have chosen the correct host template, you should not see this with a generic ESXi host.

Now for the last host configuration step. Before Zabbix can connect to VMware ESXi hosts, you have to supply some host macros or parameters that will allow you to connect to the VMware ESXi host. To do so, click on the Macros menu item in the Hosts configuration screen:

The next screen will look like this:

Now supply the following host macros that will enable Zabbix to perform simple checks against the host you are configuring. There are three required parameters:

• – VMware service (vCenter or ESX hypervisor) SDK URL
• – VMware service user name
• – VMware service user password

By default, you only have one macro field, but you will need two more. The reason you need additional macros is that you need to supply additional parameters. Clicking on Add will add an additional field for the next parameter you want to assign. Click on Add as shown in the screenshot below two more times:

Using the documented macros for VMware services, add the and macros mentioned earlier:

You may have noticed that there was an option for the password field. This is a new option with Zabbix 5.0.

All user macros can be secured using this option and are great for API tokens, passwords, and other sensitive information that you do not want to be exposed to non-admin users. It is recommended to use this option.

Once this step is completed, you can now click the blue Add button as show below:

You will be returned to the Hosts Configuration page. You should now see that your VMware ESXi host is now listed:

Don’t be alarmed if you do not see any values for items being monitored right away. It can take up to an hour to begin receiving data from the VMware ESXi host. You can also add other templates for VMware guests and VMware (for logs) if you choose.

Creating a Trigger for Alerting

In the meantime, now configure a trigger based on items already being monitored. Thanks to the low-level discovery templates linked to the template you applied to your host, information is pouring in. There’s a lot of details on the hypervisor, and even a few of the guests (if you have guests)! You will see that information being gathered when viewing Latest Data. You can explore the items that each host contains to get an idea of what you could create an alert for. But for this guide, you are just going to create a simple trigger.

Creating a trigger will enable you to get an alert based on the condition(s) you assign. For instance, you would like to know when your tiny home lab ESXi hypervisor begins to run low on memory. You have so little available memory, you decide that you need to be alerted when the usage is at or over 8GB. Now in this lab, the hypervisor name is the default localhost.localdomain, so that’s the one used in the examples going forward. To begin creating the condition for your alert, click on the Triggers link as shown below:

On the following screen, click the Create Trigger button in the upper right corner:

You should now see the Triggers configuration screen:

Let’s give the trigger the meaningful name Half of Memory in Use, and select the Severity level of Warning. Next, in the Expression field, click the Add button as shown below to begin creating a conditional expression for the trigger:

A pop up will appear that will allow you to select conditions for the trigger. Start by clicking Select in the Item field:

Click on Select to begin viewing the available items you can create conditional expressions for:

After you scroll down the list, find Used Memory, and click it. This will add the item to the condition expression. You have three additional fields that can be manipulated. Those fields are Function, Last of (T) Count, and Time shift Time. These are all part of predictive trigger expressions and out of scope for this guide. For now, stick with the default function selection and then change the resulting drop-down from = to ≥=. Zabbix primarily deals in bytes when it comes to memory readings, so you will give a value of 8589934592 which is 8GB. When done, click on Insert to resume Trigger setup:

You will be returned to the trigger expression screen. There are some other options here, but one, in particular, that is worth mentioning. The OK event generation option is the opposite of Problem event generation. Problem and is just a state of your trigger. Think of it this way. When your conditional expression evaluates to TRUE, then a problem event is created. When the next check interval executes and conditional expression evaluates to FALSE, then an OK event is generated. You could add a separate trigger expression to generate an OK event based on a conditional expression. This could be useful for automation of alert handling if your ESXi host shut a few VM’s off and stopped using so much memory.

Add a simple description and ensure that the Enabled box is checked and click on Add:

And now you have the first trigger created for your ESXi host:

The initial Value should be OK as long as the trigger expression is evaluating to FALSE. If the trigger expression evaluates to TRUE, you would see a value of PROBLEM. Now time to run a test on the trigger. You will see the alert on the monitoring dashboard if your trigger condition expression is true in the next section.

Viewing Alerts

Let’s say you’ve decided to spin up some new Linux VM’s on your ESXi host. You’ve assigned your Junior Sysadmin the duty of minding the systems monitoring you’ve put in place.

After morning coffee, your junior sysadmin calls you up.

“Hey Boss. You have an alert on one of your VMware hosts. Are you doing deployments on the wrong host?”

You pull up your Zabbix URL on your iPad or Surface book and sign in. By default, you are shown the Global view dashboard.

You can create your own custom dashboard views, but this is out of scope for this guide. You can learn more about creating custom dashboard views

There’s a timestamp of when the trigger condition was met, followed by a Host that the trigger is assigned to, along with the Problem Severity level you defined. Should have ordered that extra memory.

Looking at the details, you will see the Duration the trigger has met your condition and an Ack(nowledgement) which is used to trace corrective action if any is needed by you or your Junior Sysadmin. There is also a field for Actions and Tags.

After confirming you’ve used all that memory, you shutdown the two new VM’s for now until you order than additional memory. You call up your Junior Sysadmin and thank them for being on top of things, and promote them to Network Operations Center Manager!

While Zabbix poller subprocesses continue to gather data, your Zabbix server updates the trigger status. When you click on Problems under the Monitoring menu, you now see a flashing RESOLVED message:

Turned off memory hogging VM’s and automatically resolved trigger alert

You should also see back on the Dashboard view that there are no alerts:

And there you have it. That’s how to use Zabbix 5.0 to monitor your VMware ESXi hosts!

Conclusion

If you have made it to the end of this guide, I hope that you learned enough to make you feel more confident with Zabbix and monitoring VMware ESXi hosts. Zabbix has a lot of awesome functionality and capabilities that this guide barely scratched the surface of.

You’ve built a ground-up solution by installing Ubuntu Server, Zabbix 5.0, and adding a VMware ESXi host. You then configured an alert trigger to complete the monitoring project. You can not only monitor 1 or 100 VMware ESXi hosts for free but ANY device you can connect to!

That’s a lot to have accomplished, and the benefits of having a solid, proven monitoring system for your core virtualization infrastructure will pay off in the end.

Next Steps

Zabbix is a very powerful enterprise-grade monitoring solution. However, for the beginner, it can be a frustrating, oftentimes confusing experience. But do not get discouraged! Start small, keep it simple, and only monitor/alert on the things that are important.

So what’s next? Take a look at the additional learning resources below and begin experimenting on your own! Take a deeper look into what and how you monitor devices and services and what Zabbix can enable you to do.

Additional Learning Resources

Hate ads? Want to support the writer? Get many of our tutorials packaged as an ATA Guidebook.

What is Zabbix?

1. 

Zabbix is defined as an open-source monitoring tool used for monitoring of servers, network, IT components, cloud services and virtual machines. The Zabbix monitoring tool is used to provide the monitoring metrics and monitor the network utilization, consumption of disk space, and CPU load. The tool supports various operating system like Mac OS, Solaris, Linux and many more. The tool use a different database to store the data and monitor the applications. The Zabbix monitoring tool is developed in C programming language, and PHP language is used for the web frontend.

What is Zabbix?

• It is the name of monitoring software used for monitoring network server applications so that performance bottlenecks can be identified and resolved.
• In the Zabbix tool, client-server architecture and the small agent is installed on the client-side so that data can be gathered and can be sent to the Zabbix server.
• The Zabbix tool uses the encryption communication so that data can be protected. It contains several components like server, web interface, database storage, agent, proxy.
• The tool offers several features which help the user to monitor the network servers, applications.
• The Zabbix monitoring tool is available as an open-source tool that can be used as a monitoring platform for education, energy, finance and banking, government, healthcare and marketing sector.
• All sector monitoring is possible in real-time for finding the issues in the network and servers. The Zabbix tool gathers the data and analyzes the data so that performance metrics can be created.

Why we use Zabbix?

It is used for monitoring of servers and applications. The tool offers several features that are mentioned here:

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1. Data Gathering

In this feature, the Zabbix tool checks for application performance bottlenecks and the availability of an application. The tool also supports custom check. The tool offers several monitoring services like JMX, IPMI and SNMP.

2. Alerting System

The user can be notified of the issue that occurred in the networking servers. The notifications can also be made customized. The user can also have customized the actions so that they can be automated when any issue has occurred in the system. Macro variables can be used in the notifications to inform the user using communication channels like email, SMS, etc.

3. Real-time Graphing

The Zabbix tool provides the feature of real-time monitoring of the network servers and application for performance issues. All the items can be immediately graphed as the tool has an in-built feature to make the graphs in real-time and display them in the tool interface. The tool also provides functionality to measure the website’s response time and check for website functionality.

4. Various Visualization Options

The tool provides a feature to create the custom graphs to easily combine multiple items in one single view. The reports are generated by the Zabbix tool so that analysis of issues can be performed. All the resources can be easily monitored using a monitoring tool.

5. Data Storage

The data is stored in a database that is connected with the tool. The tool also maintains configurable history. Various type of database is supported by the Zabbix tool that helps to manage the data easily.

6. Easy Configuration and Templates

The Zabbix tool is widely used for monitoring purpose by individuals and organization because the tool helps to add the monitored device that is known as hosts. Once the host is added, monitoring activity of the host can be performed, and templates can also be applied for the monitored devices. The tool also offers a feature of group checking using templates. One template can inherit the property of another template that provides additional flexibility to the user. Zabbix proxy is used for the remote monitoring purpose, and the tool is suitable for complex environments.

7. Easy Web Interface

The Zabbix tool offers a web interface that is developed in PHP language. The web interface can be easily accessed from any location. The logs generated by the web interface can be audit easily. The tool also has a permission system in which the user can be authenticated, and only valid users are allowed to use the tool. The accessibility of features can be limited for specific users according to their package.

Importance

It is used for monitoring of application and network server and also has several importance that is mentioned here:

• Money Saver: The Zabbix monitoring tool is an open-source monitoring tool that individual and organization can use, and the source code of the software can be easily accessed. When an organization needs to reduce the operational cost, the Zabbix monitoring tool can be used as an open-source tool. The configuration and set-up process is very fast in the Zabbix monitoring tool.
• Zabbix Agent: It is a powerful tool used to monitor the network and servers and also helps to manage the database. Zabbix agent provides the functionality for monitoring of the network. Capacity can be easily expanded by using the Zabbix Agent.
• Remedial & Notification Module: The Zabbix tool sends the notification and alerts for any unusual behavior in the network. By this feature, user can send notifications so that important information can be provided and appropriate actions can be taken. There are several options by which user can receive notifications like SMS, email, Jabber and many more.
• Easy-to-use GUI: It has its own importance as the GUI offered by the tool is easy to use that can be easily used by the user to monitor the network and servers for finding performance bottlenecks. The interface provides functionality to easily configure the tool and can be used to present the visualization. The complete IT environment can be visualized from a single GUI offered by the Zabbix tool.

Conclusion

It is an open-source monitoring tool used for the monitoring of network servers and application and helps the users to identify the performance bottlenecks present in the network. The tool offers several features that help ease the process of monitoring and debugging threats and issues.

Recommended Articles

This is a guide to What is Zabbix? Here we discuss the introduction, why we use Zabbix? And their importance, respectively. You may also have a look at the following articles to learn more –

1. Zabbix Alternative
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Forget about tracking your metrics manually. With Zabbix you can detect problem states within the incoming metric flow automatically:

• High performance problem detection in real-time
• Highly flexible definition options
• Separate problem and problem resolution conditions
• Multiple severity levels
• Mark problems as cause or symptom events
• Root cause analysis
• Flapping protection

• Anomaly detection
• Trend prediction
• Detected problems can be classified using tags for smarter alerting
• Real-time export of detected problem events to 3rd party systems (Elastic, Splunk, etc.)
• Manual problem suppression indefinitely or until a specific point in time

Zabbix provides its users with very flexible, intelligent threshold definition options. While a threshold for trigger may be as simple as «bigger than x», it is possible to use all power of supported functions and operators for statistical analysis of history data.

React proactively with trend prediction

React proactively with trend prediction

While it is nice to have thresholds for problem detection, it’s more efficient to react to issues proactively. Zabbix predictive functions can help you achieve that goal:

• Forecasting a value for early alerting
• Predicting time left until reaching a problem threshold

Detect anomalies by using baseline monitoring

Detect anomalies by using baseline monitoring

Defining problem thresholds manually is not always an efficient approach. In dynamic environments where the baseline values can periodically change it is important to automatically calculate a reference point against which the problem threshold will be calculated. Zabbix Baseline monitoring enables you to do just that:

• Detect anomalies based on analysis of history data in real-time
• Get powerful insights using baseline monitoring

Get alerted on critical issues

• Messaging
  channels
• Messages
  Customization
• Escalation
  Scenarios
• Auto-remediation

Messaging
channels

Receive problem alerts

Use multiple messaging channels to notify the responsible person or people about the different kinds of events occurring in your environment:

• VictorOPS
• Opsgenie
• Pagerduty

• SIGNL4
• And more

• Slack
• MS Teams
• Telegram

• Express.ms
• Rocket.chat
• And more

Messages
Customization

Customize alert messages

Define different messages for different messaging channels. You can either utilize the default message templates or create and customize your own message template:

• Customize messages based on issue type and the role of the recipient
• Enrich messages with any runtime and inventory information

• Send scheduled PDF reports for insight and long term analysis of data

Escalation
Scenarios

Escalate for faster resolution

Define escalation scenarios of varying complexity depending on the required workflow. From simple notifications and escalations to different users, to delayed notifications and automatic issue remediation:

• Immediately inform users about new problems
• Proactively execute remote scripts
• Repeat notifications until problem is resolved
• Delay notifications and remote commands

• Escalate problems to other user groups
• Different escalation paths for acknowledged and unacknowledged problems
• Send a recovery message to all of the involved parties
• Unlimited number of escalation steps

Auto-remediation

Let Zabbix resolve your issues automatically

With Zabbix you can not only receive a notification about a problem but also automatically resolve it. A remediation script or command can be executed to attempt and resolve the issue:

Execute a remediation script to:

• Restart a service
• Manage your cloud resources

• Perform automatic resource rescaling
• Executing any other custom logic

Gain additional insights and extend observability by powerful data visualization

• Visualization
• Graphs
• Geo-maps
• Infrastructure Maps
• Scheduled reports
• Custom dashboard widgets 6.4

Visualization

Display the collected data in many possible ways

Define widget-based dashboards displaying relevant information:

• Large selection of many different widgets
• Simple drag and drop placement and scaling of widgets
• Each widget is highly customizable to fit your needs
• Display metrics, problems, infrastructure and geo maps on your dashboards
• Display your current business service SLA information on your dashboards

Access your metrics, problems, reports and maps with a click of a button.

Analyze and correlate metrics with graphs

Define custom graphs or access ad-hoc graphs with a click of a button:

• Multiple graph types
• Displaying of problems on the graphs
• Flexible time navigator
• Display single or multiple metrics with a click of a button

• Use of trend data for long term data overview
• Display history data for any period of time
• Display aggregated data graphs
• Export graphs as images

Keep track of your monitoring targets on an interactive geo-map

• Select from multiple geo-map providers
• Display a geographical overview of your environment on Zabbix dashboards
• Access any of your monitoring targets from the geo-map

• Group your monitoring targets into a cluster on the geo-map
• Follow the status of individual monitoring targets or the whole cluster

Infrastructure Maps

Present status of your infrastructure on maps

Display statuses of your elements together with real time data to get a detailed overview of your infrastructure on a Zabbix map:

• Ability to display any data in real time on your maps
• Easy drag-and-drop map element deployment
• Clone and modify existing maps
• Execute scripts within your infrastructure from the map screen

• Create multi-level maps with submaps
• Context-based interaction with map elements
• Create linkages between map elements
• Create nested maps — change the scope of your current view with a click of a button

Scheduled reports

Generate scheduled PDF reports

Receive scheduled PDF reports providing useful statistics of your environment:

• Get reports delivered straight to your Inbox
• Can be scheduled for daily, weekly, or monthly delivery
• Notify your customers about their infrastructure health

Now any Zabbix dashboard can be turned into a PDF report!

Custom dashboard widgets

Extend Zabbix frontend and create custom dashboard widgets

• Develop custom ways to visualize your data tailor-made for your business
• Create custom views of the collected data and generated events with custom frontend modules
• Enrich Zabbix frontend with your corporate branding

• Learn from a selection of examples provided by Zabbix developers
• Write your first Zabbix module or widget by following a step-by-step tutorial

Leverage a single pane of glass for your entire infrastructure

• Widget-based dashboards
• Multi-tenancy
• Inventory information

Widget-based dashboards

Create flexible widget based dashboards

Zabbix web UI provides multiple ways of presenting a visual overview of your IT environment:

• Widget-based multi-page dashboards
• Easy drag and drop widget placement
• Configure automatic dashboard refresh intervals
• Ability to clone an existing dashboard

• Private and public dashboards
• Flexible graphs capable of displaying regular and aggregate data
• Create map hierarchy trees and use them to navigate through your infrastructure
• Execute a script directly from a dashboard and remediate an issue or display additional information

Each of the dashboard elements is extremely flexible and supports multiple view, filters and respects user permissions:

• Filter and display only the required data
• Customize your widgets to display data at different granularity levels
• User permissions are respected when displaying data on dashboards

Multi-tenancy

Provide a monitoring solution for multi-tenant environments

Deploy Zabbix as the central point of monitoring for multiple organizations:

• Utilize user groups to isolate tenants from each other
• Define user roles to control user access to different Zabbix functions

• Create unique dashboards, maps and templates for different tenants
• Keep your tenants up to date with their environment by configuring scheduled reports

Inventory information

Collect and display inventory information

Automatically collect and store inventory information:

• Use collected metrics to provide inventory information about your hosts
• Combine native inventory data collection with Zabbix API to provide additional inventory data
• Get an overview of your overall inventory by grouping your hosts based on inventory information
• Provide and keep track of geo-map monitoring target coordinates
• Dynamically update existing inventory information from collected metrics

Keep track of KPI’s with business service monitoring

• Root cause analysis
• Business-level impact
• SLA Monitoring

Root cause analysis

Improve problem tracking with root cause analysis

Correlate existing and incoming problems and perform root cause analysis:

• Prevent floods of secondary issues and display only the root cause
• Define flexible problem correlation logic
• Close any related incoming problems if the root cause is not resolved

• Close existing problems if a root cause problem has been detected
• Define your service elements with hierarchical service trees

Business-level impact

Monitor business-level impact

Define services and create service trees to perform impact analysis:

• Define and monitor business service SLA levels
• Simulate an outage to see business-level impact
• Multiple service status calculation algorithms

• Define service weights for custom service status calculation
• Calculate your business service availability based on service weights or number and percentage of unavailable child services

Business services provide full support for multi-tenant environments with a flexible permission schema:

• Define roles with limited access to particular services

• Secure your roles with read or write permissions for your service trees

SLA Monitoring

SLA Monitoring

Define services and service components with custom SLA calculation logic:

• Analyze status of related services to perform SLA calculation
• Decrease SLA when either single or all of the components of a service are in a problem state

• Create service trees for complex SLA calculations of individual services
• Access daily/weekly/monthly/yearly overviews of your service SLAs

Seamlessly deploy Zabbix within your infrastructure

• Vendor
  support
• ITSM
  integrations
• Kubernetes monitoring
• Cloud
  Monitoring
• VMware
  Monitoring
• Zabbix
  API
• Stream data in real-time 6.4

Vendor
support

Integrate Zabbix with existing system

Out of the box monitoring for leading software and hardware vendors:

• Juniper
• F5
• And many more

With Zabbix you can improve monitoring and problem remediation workflows for your DevOPS and ITOps teams. Integrate Zabbix with your existing systems:

• Monitor your Docker containers
• Web server backends — IIS, Apache, Nginx and more
• Database backends such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL, MongoDB and more

• Monitor any operating system — Linux, Windows, Solaris, BSD, MacOS and more
• Cloud services such as AWS, Amazon cloud, Google cloud and more
• IP telephony services

Forward alerts to ITSM and messaging systems

Out of the box integrations with leading ITSM systems:

• ServiceNow
• Zendesk
• Jira ServiceDesk
• ManageEngine ServiceDesk

• TOPdesk
• SolarWinds Service Desk
• And many more

Integrations are provided in a form of customizable JavaScript webhooks:

• Customize an existing integration or create a new one from scratch
• Import an integration from the community share

• Export your custom integration and share it with the Zabbix community

Kubernetes monitoring

Keep track of your Kubernetes deployment on every level

• Automatic discovery and monitoring of Kubernetes nodes and pods
• Create dashboard to visualize the status of your Kubernetes nodes and pod

Kubernetes monitoring also enables you to monitor Kubernetes components, such as:

• kube-controller-manager
• kube-apiserver
• kube-scheduler
• kubelet

Zabbix is also capable of monitoring pods, nodes and Kubernetes components in the Redhat OpenShift container infrastructures.

Cloud
Monitoring

Seamlessly deploy Zabbix within your infrastructure

Platform-agnostic out-of-the-box cloud monitoring:

• Connect to any cloud API endpoint over HTTP
• Leverage Zabbix discovery features to improve the observability of your cloud environment
• Automatically discover and start monitoring your cloud entities and components
• Represent your cloud infrastructure in a single pane of glass view with Zabbix maps and dashboards

Monitor your AWS cloud environment with the official Zabbix templates:

• Collect metrics and events from your AWS EC2 instances
• Automatically discover and start monitoring your AWS EBS instance volumes
• Track the performance of your AWS RDS instances
• Collect information about your AWS S3 buckets and receive notifications about alarm state changes

Monitor your Microsoft Azure cloud deployments with the official Zabbix templates:

• Discover and monitor the state of your Azure virtual machines
• Monitor the resource usage and state of your Azure MySQL instances

VMware
Monitoring

VMware Monitoring

Connect Zabbix to your VMware instance and automatically discover VMware guests, clusters, hypervisors and datastores:

• Monitor your VMware endpoints without deploying any additional agent software

• Customize the discovered monitoring endpoints and collect additional information

Monitor VMware metrics such as:

• VMware alarm status
• VMware guest state
• VMware guest and hypervisor performance metrics
• Datastore IOPS read/write metrics

• Datastore performance counters
• VMware event log entries
• VMware Hypervisor and vSphere Distributed Switch network metrics

• Gateway state and utilization
• Edge state, uptime, version, and more
• Link network statistics
• SDWan peers and peers path metrics

Customize your integration with Zabbix API

Create automation workflows and integrate with other systems using well-documented JSON RPC API:

• Automate Zabbix management via API
• 200+ different methods available
• Create new applications to work with Zabbix
• Integrate Zabbix with third party software: Configuration management, ticketing systems

• Retrieve and manage configuration and historical data
• Create named API tokens with expiry date for secure access to API

Stream data in real-time

Stream metrics and events over HTTP

• Stream Zabbix metrics and events to message brokers like Amazon SQS, Kafka, RabbitMQ and Amazon Kinesis
• React to Zabbix events and automatically adapt your system behavior accordingly
• Streaming is done over HTTP via REST API
• Zabbix data and events can also be exported to a file in real-time

Gain additional insights from your metrics and events by streaming them to an external AI engine, or stream them to a data lake or data warehouse for long-term storage and analytics.

Enterprise grade security

• Encryption
• Flexible
  Permissions
• User
  Roles
• User
  Authentication
• Secret
  Vault
• Configuration Change Tracking
• Restrict Data Access
• Just-in-Time user provisioning 6.4

Encryption

Encrypt communication between Zabbix components

Zabbix supports encrypting any communication stream between different Zabbix components:

• All communications between various Zabbix components (such as Zabbix server, proxies, agents and command-line utilities) support TLS protocol
• Support for certificate and pre-shared key encryption
• Encryption is optional and configurable for individual components

• All sensitive information is encrypted and can be stored in an external Vault for additional security
• Select from a list of supported encryption algorithms based on your security policy

Flexible
Permissions

Restrict access with a flexible permission schema

Zabbix provides a flexible user permission schema which can be efficiently used to manage user permissions within one Zabbix installation or in a distributed environment.

You can define three levels of permissions:

• Read-write – a read-write access
• Read-only – a read-only access

• Deny – access denied

User types are used to define access to administrative functions and to specify default permissions:

• Zabbix User have read-only permissions on collected data and events
• Zabbix Admins can manage your monitoring configuration and read the collected data and events

• Zabbix Super Admins are capable of managing Zabbix instance configuration, in addition to having Zabbix Admin privileges

Secure your workflow with User Roles

Create your own custom user roles with a granular set of permissions for different types of users in your environment.

User roles also enable you to Hide or show Zabbix UI elements to fit the needs of your users and customers.

With user Roles you can:

• Limit access to specific UI elements
• Limit access to performing specific actions in the UI

• Create an allow or deny list for specific API methods

User
Authentication

Authenticate users by utilizing existing infrastructure

Integrate Zabbix together with your existing authentication mechanisms. Zabbix supports a variety of authentication methods:

• Internal Zabbix logins
• HTTP authentication
• Support for multi-factor authentication
• Define your own password complexity requirements

• LDAP authentication
• SAML authentication
• Single sign-on authentication
• Native integration with Active Directory

With native support for HTTP, LDAP and SAML authentication you can provide an additional layer of security and improve the user experience while working with Zabbix.

Secret
Vault

Keep secrets secure

Once entered, you have the option to hide your sensitive information from prying eyes:

• Hide your usernames, passwords, authentication keys and other sensitive information

• Hidden information cannot be retrieved via API or configuration export

Deploy an external vault to keep your secrets under tight control:

• Unified storage for all your secrets
• Strict limitations for accessing the vault

• Detailed vault level audit log
• Store your secrets in HashiCorp or CyberArk vault

Configuration Change Tracking

Keep track of configuration changes

Track changes in your environment by utilizing the Audit log:

• Find out which user made changes to any Zabbix entities
• Tracks the IP address from which the user logged into Zabbix

• Filter the audit log and follow changes made by a specific user on a particular resource
• Export full or filtered audit log via API for further analysis

Restrict Data Access

Restrict data collection

Restrict access to sensitive information by limiting which metrics can be collected in your environment:

• Define metric allow and deny lists
• Prevent unsanctioned access to sensitive information
• Restrict the direction of network communication

• Permit connections only to and from specified end-points
• Restrict unencrypted connections to your monitoring targets

Just-in-Time user provisioning

Automatically provision your Zabbix users

• Automatic role and permission assignment
• Continuous user account management with SCIM provisioning
• Automatic provisioning of alert message endpoints based on user LDAP/SAML attributes

Deploy in 5 minutes on-premise or in the cloud

• Install
  in minutes
• Out-of-the-box templates
• Network
  Discovery
• Resource
  Discovery
• Automatic agent deployment
• Onboarding workflow
• Seamless
  Upgrades

Install
in minutes

Install Zabbix in minutes

Zabbix provides many different ways how you can deploy individual Zabbix components:

• Use official packages, docker or cloud images for fast deployment
• Use templates to manage monitoring of thousands of devices, make local overrides if needed

• Deploy a PoC environment from a preconfigured virtual machine appliance image

Out-of-the-box templates

Save your time by using out-of-the-box templates

Vast selection of out-of-the-box templates provides the ability to immediately start monitoring your infrastructure:

• Use out-of-the-box templates for your devices and systems
• Customize existing templates or build new custom templates
• Use hundreds of templates built by Zabbix community

• Apply for the Professional template building service from the Zabbix team
• Templates enable ease of management and automate monitoring for your devices

Network
Discovery

Discover devices and services on your network

Zabbix will automatically scan your network and add discovered devices for monitoring:

• Discovery of devices having multiple network interfaces
• Specify IP address ranges for the network scan

• Detect lost devices and define custom offboarding logic

Scan your network hosts for availability by scanning for different services:

• Perform simple pings
• Check for SNMP availability
• Look for response from Zabbix agent

• Probe for TCP, HTTP, FTP services
• And many more

Resource
Discovery

Automate metric collection and problem threshold creation

Resource discovery enables Zabbix to automatically discover metrics on your monitoring endpoints:

• Resource discovery: automatically create items, triggers and graphs for discovered elements on a host

• Use resource discovery to automatically create monitoring targets based on the received data

Resource discovery is virtually limitless. Discover entities such as:

• Network interfaces
• Services
• CPUs
• File systems
• Docker containers
• Java application MBeans

• SNMP entities
• IPMI sensors
• Custom components for your in-house application
• And much, much more!

Automatic agent deployment

Automate agent deployment

Automatically discover your Zabbix agents and start monitoring them immediately:

• Populate agents with customizable metadata
• Define custom onboarding workflows which will react to different metadata values

• React to changes in agent metadata

Define custom device onboarding logic, depending on the agent metadata:

• Assign a host to a host group
• Apply a monitoring template that matches the discovered service

• Notify your administrators
• And many more

Onboarding workflow

Onboard and offboard discovered devices automatically

Define custom device onboarding and offboarding workflow, depending on the device type:

• Assign a host to a host group
• Apply a monitoring template that matches the discovered service

• Notify your administrators
• And many more

Seamless
Upgrades

Keep your infrastructure up to date with seamless upgrades

• Support of near zero-downtime upgrades between major versions 6.4
• Backward and forward compatibility of all Zabbix components within one major release to ensure quick and easy upgrade process
• Zabbix agents are backwards compatible with previous major releases

Scale without limits

• Scale Up
• Distributed monitoring
• High Availability
• Data retention policy

Scale up your Zabbix infrastructure

Add an extra layer of scalability by deploying Zabbix proxies. Scale up to collect millions of metrics from hundreds of thousands of devices, services, applications, and more. Zabbix proxies are easy to deploy and enable unlimited vertical scalability:

• Delegate metric collection to Zabbix proxies
• Deploy an unlimited amount of Zabbix proxies
• Monitor thousands of remote locations, company branches, data centers
• Deploy Zabbix proxies from packages, containers or cloud images

• Reduce network overhead — traffic between central Zabbix server backend and proxies is compressed!
• Stay compliant with the highest security standards by using TLS PSK or certificate encryption with full control of permitted security algorithms

Distributed monitoring

Monitor remote locations without fear of data loss

Monitor locations all over the globe! Collect metrics from remote locations securely and prevent data loss even in case of a network outage. By deploying Zabbix proxies you can:

• Monitor behind the firewall, DMZ
• Collect data even in case of network issues
• Remotely run custom scripts on monitoring targets for automatic problem remediation

• Distribute your monitoring across an unlimited number of locations all over the globe
• Instantly sync configuration changes across your whole Zabbix infrastructure

With Zabbix proxies you can execute remote commands in remote locations — either on the proxies themselves or on the agents monitored by the proxy.

High Availability

Avoid downtime with High availability

Prevent data loss and add an extra layer of redundancy with Zabbix High availability:

• Deploy a secondary Zabbix backend server to prevent data loss in case of an issue

• Having HA enables you to perform seamless OS level maintenance and deploy the latest OS updates without any downtime

Deploy multiple Zabbix frontends to avoid downtime and improve the user experience:

• Deploy multiple frontends all over the globe for optimal UX across different teams or departments
• Implement load balancing between your frontends for best performance

• Multiple frontends allow you to avoid downtimes and perform maintenance tasks on individual frontend servers

Data retention policy

Preserve and store your data

Define flexible storage periods for different data sets:

• History data
• Hourly trends
• Events

• Audit log entries
• Other data
• Frontend user sessions

Zabbix is capable of storing history metrics and collecting hourly metric trends for an unlimited time period.

• Out of the box partitioning support improves the performance and ease of removing old data

• None of the collected data or telemetry get sent to Zabbix LLC or any other 3rd parties

Add value to your business with Zabbix

You can use Zabbix for a lot more than just monitoring your own infrastructure! With Zabbix you can provide monitoring services for multiple customers in a multi-tenant environment

• Flexible role and permission schema enables isolation between each customer
• Create unique customer dashboards providing insight into customer environments
• Generate and send custom scheduled reports to your customers

Zabbix is 100% open source

Zabbix positions itself as a universal monitoring solution for all possible use cases. Zabbix is 100% free and open-source, released under the GNU Affero General Public License version 3 (AGPLv3). This provides many unique benefits that you won’t find with proprietary software:

• While Zabbix source code is audited internally, you are always free to perform internal audits to check if Zabbix code aligns with your internal security policies
• Extend, modify, remove or add Zabbix functionality at your leisure
• Zero up-front costs can help you avoid vendor lock-in

Zabbix in your language

• A vast selection of languages available out of the box
• Easy to use localization tools for both the Zabbix Frontend and the documentation
• A unique opportunity to make your favourite monitoring solution more accessible

You can read more about and take part in the Zabbix community translation effort here

Get started in 10 minutes — absolutely FREE

Zabbix is a professionally developed open-source software with no limits or hidden costs.

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